January 7, 2026 Dataset Open Access

Pospiech, Solveig; Middleton, Maarit

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{
  "@type": "Dataset", 
  "identifier": "https://doi.org/10.14278/rodare.4328", 
  "creator": [
    {
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Pospiech, Solveig", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2727-2375"
    }, 
    {
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Middleton, Maarit", 
      "affiliation": "Geological Survey of Finland: Espoo, Uusimaa, FI", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-7690"
    }
  ], 
  "description": "<p><strong>1. Overview</strong></p>\n\n<p>This repository contains the **final, cleaned chemistry data** that were produced from the 2019 Raja field campaign of the Horizon 2020 Project NEXT.<br>\nThe data combine:</p>\n\n<ul>\n\t<li>Norway spruce needle transpired fluids concentrations for a set of selected elements.</li>\n\t<li>Corresponding soil\u2011till depth, point location, lithology and basic tree information.</li>\n\t<li>Element\u2011specific relative\u2011standard\u2011deviation (RSD) uncertainties that were calculated from laboratory\u2011derived uncertainty parameters.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>All files are provided in **CSV** format (UTF\u20118, `,` separator) and/or the R programming language binary format RData.</p>\n\n<p><br>\n<strong>2. Column description</strong></p>\n\n<p>**Field Descriptions for Repository Metadata**</p>\n\n<p>#### **Point Identification &amp; Metadata**<br>\n1. **PointID** &ndash; Unique identifier for each sampling point in the dataset (e.g., `NEXT-2019-193`).<br>\n2. **till_depth** &ndash; Depth of the till layer (in meters) at the sampling location.<br>\n3. **ID_num** &ndash; Numeric identifier for the point (e.g., `193`).<br>\n4. **grainsize_2mm_pct** &ndash; Percentage of grain size &gt;2mm in the soil sample (proxy for rock fragments or coarse material).<br>\n5. **OM_thickness** &ndash; Thickness of organic matter (cm) in the soil profile.<br>\n6. **Soilwetness_by_photo** &ndash; Soil wetness category inferred from field photos (e.g., `mesic` = moist, `sub-xeric` = moderately dry).<br>\n7. **Soilwetness_cat** &ndash; Numeric ranking of soil wetness (likely 1&ndash;7, with `1` = driest, `7` = wettest).<br>\n8. **notes_by_photos** &ndash; Qualitative observations from site photos (e.g., &quot;paludified areas nearby,&quot; &quot;boulders present&quot;).</p>\n\n<p>#### **Geophysical &amp; Electrical Properties**<br>\n9. **conductivity_ph-acid** &ndash; Electrical conductivity (EC) measured after acidification (mS/m).<br>\n10. **conductivity_ph-initial** &ndash; Initial EC of the soil sample (mS/m).<br>\n11. **conductivity_pit** &ndash; EC measured in the field pit (mS/m).<br>\n12. **conductivity** &ndash; Conductivity averaged or processed for analysis (units vary).<br>\n13. **dielectric permittivity_pit** &ndash; Dielectric constant measured in the pit (proxy for soil moisture).<br>\n14. **dielectric permittivity** &ndash; Processed or averaged dielectric permittivity value.<br>\n15. **pH_initial** &ndash; Initial pH of the soil sample.<br>\n16. **pH_with acid** &ndash; pH after acidification (indicates buffer capacity).<br>\n17. **pore water conductivity** &ndash; EC of extracted pore water (mS/m).</p>\n\n<p>#### **Geospatial &amp; Environmental Context**<br>\n18. **VTEM, TMI, APR** &ndash; Geophysical survey metrics (VTEM = Vertical Electromagnetic, TMI = Total Magnetic Intensity, APR = Airborne Radiometrics).<br>\n19. **Soilwetness** &ndash; Categorical soil wetness classification (e.g., `mesic`, `sub-xeric`).<br>\n20. **Soiltype** &ndash; Predominant soil type (e.g., `mineral soil`, `peat`).<br>\n21. **Naturetype** &ndash; Ecological classification (e.g., `Boreaaliset luonnonmets&auml;t` = &quot;Boreal natural forests&quot;).<br>\n22. **TMI_class** &ndash; Categorization of Total Magnetic Intensity (e.g., `low`, `middle`, `high`).<br>\n23. **Lithology** &ndash; Original rock type classification (e.g., `Calcsilicate rocks`, `Mafic rocks`).<br>\n24. **Lithology_updated** &ndash; Updated lithological classification (refining earlier interpretations).<br>\n25. **Lithology_updated_Sol** &ndash; Lithology-specific to soil horizons (e.g., `Mafic rocks + quartzite`).<br>\n26. **Mineralization** &ndash; Qualitative assessment of mineralized zones (e.g., `barren`, `potential`, `min`).<br>\n27. **Deposit** &ndash; Type of geological deposit (e.g., `Till`, `hardpan layer`).<br>\n28. **TMI_cat, VTEM_cat, APPRES_cat** &ndash; Categorized geophysical survey results (e.g., `high` intensity).<br>\n29. **vegetation_class_EFTAS** &ndash; Vegetation classification (e.g., `mesic heath forest`).<br>\n30. **i.ID_num** &ndash; Redundant numeric ID (same as `ID_num`).<br>\n31. **x, y** &ndash; Cartesian coordinates for the sampling point.<br>\n32. **Fotos** &ndash; Reference to associated field photos (e.g., `104-0905`).</p>\n\n<p>#### **Site &amp; Sampling Details**<br>\n33. **GeneralSiteDescription** &ndash; Textual description of terrain (e.g., &quot;flat, paludified area starts 1m below&quot;).<br>\n34. **ForestType** &ndash; Dominant forest type (e.g., `VMT` = &quot;V&auml;limets&auml;&quot; [forest type code]).<br>\n35. **Soil_paludification** &ndash; Degree of peatland/wetland influence on soil (e.g., `not paludified`).<br>\n36. **Soil_nutrient_status** &ndash; Nutrient availability assessment (e.g., `normal`).<br>\n37. **Observations2019** &ndash; Anomalies or notes from 2019 fieldwork (e.g., &quot;eggs of gnomes in upper podsol layer&quot;).<br>\n38. **SedimentType** &ndash; Type of sediment observed (e.g., `Till`, `Sand`).<br>\n39. **SedimentGenesis** &ndash; Origin of sediment (e.g., `glacial`, `alluvial`).<br>\n40. **Pointtype** &ndash; Classification of sampling point (e.g., `replicate`).<br>\n41. **TMI_intensity, VTEM_intensity, APPRES_intensity** &ndash; Quantitative geophysical survey intensities.<br>\n42. **GPS-Easting, GPS-Northing** &ndash; Precise GPS coordinates for the point.<br>\n43. **SampleID** &ndash; Unique identifier for lab samples (e.g., `TF-NEXT-2019-193-NrS-tf-0A`).<br>\n44. **Date_full** &ndash; Timestamp of sample collection/analysis.</p>\n\n<p>#### **Geochemical Data**<br>\n45. **Al, B, Ba, Bi, ... Zn** &ndash; Concentrations of elements (likely in **ppm/mg/g**) measured via lab analysis (e.g., ICP-MS).<br>\n&nbsp; &nbsp;*Note: These columns represent a full suite of geochemical elements (e.g., Aluminum, Barium, Lead, Zinc) critical for mineral exploration, environmental studies, or soil health assessments.*</p>\n\n<p>---<br>\n### **Key Notes for Repository Users**<br>\n- **Units**: Conductivity (mS/m), pH (unitless), dielectric permittivity (dimensionless), GPS coordinates (meters, local system).<br>\n- **Categorical Fields**: Wetness, lithology, and mineralization use standardized codes (e.g., `mesic` vs. `xeric`).<br>\n- **Geophysical Data**: VTEM/TMI/APR are airborne survey metrics linked to subsurface mineralization.<br>\n- **Geochemical Data**: Elemental concentrations are essential for understanding soil fertility, contamination, or ore potential.</p>\n\n<p>---<br>\n### **Suggested Use Cases**<br>\n- **Mineral Exploration**: Cross-reference `Mineralization` + `TMI_cat` with elemental data (e.g., high `Fe`, `Cr` for mafic rocks).<br>\n- **Soil Science**: Analyze `Soilwetness` vs. `dielectric permittivity` to model moisture regimes.<br>\n- **Ecological Studies**: Correlate `vegetation_class_EFTAS` with `Soil_nutrient_status`.</p>", 
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode", 
  "keywords": [
    "Norway spruce", 
    "mineral exploration", 
    "Finland", 
    "transpired fluid", 
    "Gold", 
    "ore geology"
  ], 
  "inLanguage": {
    "alternateName": "eng", 
    "name": "English", 
    "@type": "Language"
  }, 
  "datePublished": "2026-01-07", 
  "@id": "https://doi.org/10.14278/rodare.4328", 
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