October 7, 2024 Dataset Restricted Access

Singh, Digvijay; Boden, Stephan; Schlegel, Fabian

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        <foaf:name>Singh, Digvijay</foaf:name>
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        <foaf:name>Boden, Stephan</foaf:name>
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        <foaf:name>Schlegel, Fabian</foaf:name>
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    <dct:title>FVV1455: CFD Simulation of Droplet Separators</dct:title>
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    <dct:issued rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gYear">2024</dct:issued>
    <dcat:keyword>Numerical Simulation</dcat:keyword>
    <dcat:keyword>Droplets</dcat:keyword>
    <dcat:keyword>Film Modeling</dcat:keyword>
    <dcat:keyword>Multiphase Flow</dcat:keyword>
    <dcat:keyword>Fuel Cell</dcat:keyword>
    <dcat:keyword>Separation</dcat:keyword>
    <dcat:keyword>Automotive</dcat:keyword>
    <dcat:keyword>Experiments</dcat:keyword>
    <dct:issued rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date">2024-10-07</dct:issued>
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    <dct:description>&lt;p&gt;For industrial applications, the two-fluid model is preferred due to its&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; efficient modelling of small-scale interfaces. Whereas, a thin film model,&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; based on a long wave approximation, is used for the unresolved interfaces to&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; obtain the film features by solving the 2D Navier-Stokes equations for wall&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; films. Within the project, the target is to develop an experimentally validated&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; 3D-CFD model to investigate the separation efficiency of droplet separators for&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; fuel cell systems. A hybrid model is developed, which couples the two-fluid&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; model with a thin film model via mass transfer terms for droplet deposition,&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; droplet entrainment and film separation. A two-way coupling between droplets&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; and the thin film is established using mass and momentum source terms, derived&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; analytical and from available experiments. The droplet separator is an essential&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; component of an automotive fuel cell system that segregates a significant amount&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; of liquid fractions from the air-water mixture. The flow dynamics inside a&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; droplet separator consist of a dispersed gas and liquid with a wall adhered&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; thin liquid film. The modelling is divided into the following stages due to the&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; complex fluidic phenomenon inside a generic droplet separator:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Droplet deposition model,&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Film separation model,&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Film transition model, and&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Population balance model.&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;In order to systematically validate numerical models and methods that predict&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; the characteristics of films and the separation efficiencies of droplet&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; separators, high-quality experimental data must be carefully acquired. For the&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; experimental investigations an air-water two-phase flow loop was set up. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; flow loop is extensively instrumented in order to provide precise data on the&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; respective operating conditions such as mass low and pressure drop. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; following advanced measurement techniques have been applied:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;HZDR&amp;#39;s flow microscope to investigate droplet flow,&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;HZDR&amp;#39;s advanced microfocus X-ray tomograph to visualize the liquid films, and&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;radioscopic imaging to investigate dynamic flow processes.&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;The generic droplet separator was extensively tested under varying operating&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; conditions at a total of 27 measurement points covering a wide range of mostly&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; wavy and annular inlet flow conditions. The resulting comprehensive set of&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt; experimental data provides an excellent basis for the development and validation&lt;br&gt; of numerical design tools required by the industry.&lt;/p&gt;</dct:description>
    <dct:description xml:lang="">The research project was self-financed (FVV funding no. 1455) by the FVV e.V.</dct:description>
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